What are sinuses?
The air chambers in the bone behind your cheeks, eyebrows and jaw are called sinuses. They make mucus, a fluid that cleans bacteria and other particles out of the air you breathe. Tiny hairs called cilia (say: “sill-ee-ah”) sweep mucus out of your sinuses so it can drain out through your nose.
Anything that causes swelling in your sinuses or keeps the cilia from moving mucus can cause sinusitis.
This can occur because of changes in temperature or air pressure. Using decongestant nasal sprays too much, smoking, and swimming or diving can also increase your risk of getting sinusitis. Some people have growths called polyps (say: “pawl-ips”) that block their sinus passages.
When sinusitis is caused by a bacterial or viral infection, you get a sinus infection. Sinus infections sometimes occurs after you’ve had a cold. The cold virus attacks the lining of your sinuses, causing them to swell and become narrow. Your body responds to the virus by producing more mucus, but it gets blocked in your swollen sinuses. This built-up mucus makes a good place for bacteria to grow. The bacteria can cause a sinus infection.
SYMPTOMS
The location of your sinus pain depends on which sinus is affected.
* Headache when you wake up in the morning is typical of a sinus problem.
* Pain when your forehead over the frontal sinuses is touched may mean that your frontal sinuses are inflamed.
* Infection in the maxillary sinuses can cause your upper jaw and teeth to ache, and your cheeks to become tender to the touch.
* The ethmoid sinuses are near the tear ducts in the corner of your eyes. Therefore, inflammation of these cavities often causes swelling of the eyelids and tissues around your eyes, and pain between your eyes. Ethmoid inflammation also can cause tenderness when you touch the sides of your nose, a loss of smell, and a stuffy nose.
* Infection in the sphenoid sinuses can cause earaches, neck pain, and deep aching at the top of your head, although these sinuses are less frequently affected.
Other symptoms of sinusitis can include
* Fever
* Weakness
* Tiredness
* A cough that may be more severe at night
* Rhinitis or nasal congestion โพรงจมูกอักเสบหรืออุดตัน
DIAGNOSIS
Because your nose can get stuffy when you have a condition like the common cold, you may confuse simple nasal congestion with sinusitis. A cold, however, usually lasts about 7 to 14 days and disappears without treatment. Acute sinusitis often lasts longer and typically causes more symptoms than just a cold.
Your health care provider can usually diagnose acute sinusitis by listening to your symptoms and doing a physical examination, which includes examining your nasal tissues. If your symptoms are vague or persist, your health care provider may order a CT (computed tomography) scan to confirm that you have sinusitis.
Laboratory tests to diagnose chronic sinusitis may include
* Blood tests to rule out other conditions associated with sinusitis like an immune deficiency disorder or cystic fibrosis
* Cultures (special blood tests) to detect bacterial or fungal infection
* Biopsy to determine the health of the cells lining the nasal cavity
TREATMENT
Acute sinusitis
If you have acute sinusitis, your health care provider may recommend
* Decongestants to reduce congestion
* Antibiotics to control a bacterial infection, if present
* Pain relievers to reduce any pain
Chronic sinusitis
Although home remedies cannot cure sinus infection, they might give you some comfort.
* Inhaling steam from a vaporizer or a hot cup of water can soothe inflamed sinus cavities.
* Saline nasal spray, which you can buy in a drug store, can give relief.
* Gentle heat applied over the inflamed area is comforting. When medical treatment fails, surgery may be the only alternative for treating chronic sinusitis. Research studies suggest that most people who undergo surgery have fewer symptoms and better quality of life.
In children, problems often are eliminated by removing adenoids obstructing their nasal-sinus passages.
Adults who have had allergies and infections over the years sometimes develop nasal polyps that interfere with proper nasal drainage. Removal of these polyps and/or repair of a deviated septum to ensure an open airway often gives them considerable relief from sinus symptoms.
The most common surgery done today is functional endoscopic sinus surgery, in which the natural openings from the sinuses are enlarged to allow drainage. This type of surgery is less invasive than conventional sinus surgery, and serious complications are rare. Surgery should be considered only after failure of medical treatment.
Prevention
Other activities that can cause sinus problems include
* Drinking alcohol which causes nasal and sinus membranes to swell
* Swimming in pools treated with chlorine, which irritates the lining of the nose and sinuses
* Diving, which forces water into the sinuses from the nasal passages
For chronic or recurring sinusitis, referral to an otolaryngologist is indicated for more specialist assessment and treatment, which may include nasal surgery.
A relatively recent advance in the treatment of sinusitis is a type of surgery called FESS - functional endoscopic sinus surgery, whereby normal clearance from the sinuses is restored by removing the anatomical and pathological obstructive variations that predispose to sinusitis. This replaces prior open techniques requiring facial or oral incisions and refocuses the technique to the natural openings of the sinuses instead of promoting drainage by gravity, the idea upon which the less effective Caldwell-Luc surgery[2] was based.
recently developed treatment is Balloon Sinuplasty™. This method, similar to balloon angioplasty used to "unclog" arteries of the heart, utilizes balloons in an attempt to expand the openings of the sinuses in a less invasive manner. Its final role in the treatment of sinus disease is still under debate but appears promising.
Another treatment option is Coblation which is a recent technique for removing and treating tissue performed at a lower temperatures (40C to 70C). It is patented by ArthoCare.http://www.arthrocareent.com/wt/page/technology
Nasal irrigation and flush promotes sinus cavity health, and patients with chronic sinusitis including symptoms of facial pain, headache, halitosis, cough, anterior rhinorrhea (watery discharge) and nasal congestion found nasal irrigation to be "just as effective at treating these symptoms as the drug therapies."[8] In other studies, "daily hypertonic saline nasal irrigation improves sinus-related quality of life, decreases symptoms, and decreases medication use in patients with frequent sinusitis," and is "recommended as an effective adjunctive treatment of chronic sinonasal symptoms."[9][10]
phage therapy Since the discovery of spontaneous bacterial lysis (from bacteriophages) by Frederick Twort and by Felix d'Herelle phage therapy has been used extensively with miscellaneous bacterial infections in the areas of otolaryngology, stomatology, ophthalmology, dermatology, pediatrics, gynecology, surgery (especially against wound infections), urology, and pulmonology.[11][12][13]
สรุปครับ ไม่ใช่หมอ ENT หรอกครับ แต่เห็นใจคนเป็นโรคนี้เหมือนกันเพราะมันทรมานมากๆ
What are sinuses?
The air chambers in the bone behind your cheeks, eyebrows and jaw are called sinuses. They make mucus, a fluid that cleans bacteria and other particles out of the air you breathe. Tiny hairs called cilia (say: “sill-ee-ah”) sweep mucus out of your sinuses so it can drain out through your nose.
Anything that causes swelling in your sinuses or keeps the cilia from moving mucus can cause sinusitis.
This can occur because of changes in temperature or air pressure. Using decongestant nasal sprays too much, smoking, and swimming or diving can also increase your risk of getting sinusitis. Some people have growths called polyps (say: “pawl-ips”) that block their sinus passages.
When sinusitis is caused by a bacterial or viral infection, you get a sinus infection. Sinus infections sometimes occurs after you’ve had a cold. The cold virus attacks the lining of your sinuses, causing them to swell and become narrow. Your body responds to the virus by producing more mucus, but it gets blocked in your swollen sinuses. This built-up mucus makes a good place for bacteria to grow. The bacteria can cause a sinus infection.
SYMPTOMS
The location of your sinus pain depends on which sinus is affected.
* Headache when you wake up in the morning is typical of a sinus problem.
* Pain when your forehead over the frontal sinuses is touched may mean that your frontal sinuses are inflamed.
* Infection in the maxillary sinuses can cause your upper jaw and teeth to ache, and your cheeks to become tender to the touch.
* The ethmoid sinuses are near the tear ducts in the corner of your eyes. Therefore, inflammation of these cavities often causes swelling of the eyelids and tissues around your eyes, and pain between your eyes. Ethmoid inflammation also can cause tenderness when you touch the sides of your nose, a loss of smell, and a stuffy nose.
* Infection in the sphenoid sinuses can cause earaches, neck pain, and deep aching at the top of your head, although these sinuses are less frequently affected.
Other symptoms of sinusitis can include
* Fever
* Weakness
* Tiredness
* A cough that may be more severe at night
* Rhinitis or nasal congestion โพรงจมูกอักเสบหรืออุดตัน
DIAGNOSIS
Because your nose can get stuffy when you have a condition like the common cold, you may confuse simple nasal congestion with sinusitis. A cold, however, usually lasts about 7 to 14 days and disappears without treatment. Acute sinusitis often lasts longer and typically causes more symptoms than just a cold.
Your health care provider can usually diagnose acute sinusitis by listening to your symptoms and doing a physical examination, which includes examining your nasal tissues. If your symptoms are vague or persist, your health care provider may order a CT (computed tomography) scan to confirm that you have sinusitis.
Laboratory tests to diagnose chronic sinusitis may include
* Blood tests to rule out other conditions associated with sinusitis like an immune deficiency disorder or cystic fibrosis
* Cultures (special blood tests) to detect bacterial or fungal infection
* Biopsy to determine the health of the cells lining the nasal cavity
TREATMENT
Acute sinusitis
If you have acute sinusitis, your health care provider may recommend
* Decongestants to reduce congestion
* Antibiotics to control a bacterial infection, if present
* Pain relievers to reduce any pain
Chronic sinusitis
Although home remedies cannot cure sinus infection, they might give you some comfort.
* Inhaling steam from a vaporizer or a hot cup of water can soothe inflamed sinus cavities.
* Saline nasal spray, which you can buy in a drug store, can give relief.
* Gentle heat applied over the inflamed area is comforting. When medical treatment fails, surgery may be the only alternative for treating chronic sinusitis. Research studies suggest that most people who undergo surgery have fewer symptoms and better quality of life.
In children, problems often are eliminated by removing adenoids obstructing their nasal-sinus passages.
Adults who have had allergies and infections over the years sometimes develop nasal polyps that interfere with proper nasal drainage. Removal of these polyps and/or repair of a deviated septum to ensure an open airway often gives them considerable relief from sinus symptoms.
The most common surgery done today is functional endoscopic sinus surgery, in which the natural openings from the sinuses are enlarged to allow drainage. This type of surgery is less invasive than conventional sinus surgery, and serious complications are rare. Surgery should be considered only after failure of medical treatment.
Prevention
Other activities that can cause sinus problems include
* Drinking alcohol which causes nasal and sinus membranes to swell
* Swimming in pools treated with chlorine, which irritates the lining of the nose and sinuses
* Diving, which forces water into the sinuses from the nasal passages
For chronic or recurring sinusitis, referral to an otolaryngologist is indicated for more specialist assessment and treatment, which may include nasal surgery.
A relatively recent advance in the treatment of sinusitis is a type of surgery called FESS - functional endoscopic sinus surgery, whereby normal clearance from the sinuses is restored by removing the anatomical and pathological obstructive variations that predispose to sinusitis. This replaces prior open techniques requiring facial or oral incisions and refocuses the technique to the natural openings of the sinuses instead of promoting drainage by gravity, the idea upon which the less effective Caldwell-Luc surgery[2] was based.
recently developed treatment is Balloon Sinuplasty™. This method, similar to balloon angioplasty used to "unclog" arteries of the heart, utilizes balloons in an attempt to expand the openings of the sinuses in a less invasive manner. Its final role in the treatment of sinus disease is still under debate but appears promising.
Another treatment option is Coblation which is a recent technique for removing and treating tissue performed at a lower temperatures (40C to 70C). It is patented by ArthoCare.http://www.arthrocareent.com/wt/page/technology
Nasal irrigation and flush promotes sinus cavity health, and patients with chronic sinusitis including symptoms of facial pain, headache, halitosis, cough, anterior rhinorrhea (watery discharge) and nasal congestion found nasal irrigation to be "just as effective at treating these symptoms as the drug therapies."[8] In other studies, "daily hypertonic saline nasal irrigation improves sinus-related quality of life, decreases symptoms, and decreases medication use in patients with frequent sinusitis," and is "recommended as an effective adjunctive treatment of chronic sinonasal symptoms."[9][10]
phage therapy Since the discovery of spontaneous bacterial lysis (from bacteriophages) by Frederick Twort and by Felix d'Herelle phage therapy has been used extensively with miscellaneous bacterial infections in the areas of otolaryngology, stomatology, ophthalmology, dermatology, pediatrics, gynecology, surgery (especially against wound infections), urology, and pulmonology.[11][12][13]
สรุปครับ ไม่ใช่หมอ ENT หรอกครับ แต่เห็นใจคนเป็นโรคนี้เหมือนกันเพราะมันทรมานมากๆ
The most common surgery done today is functional endoscopic sinus surgery, in which the natural openings from the sinuses are enlarged to allow drainage. This type of surgery is less invasive than conventional sinus surgery, and serious complications are rare. Surgery should be considered only after failure of medical treatment.
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