วิเคราะห์
ถึงตรงนี้
อดไม่ได้ ที่จะคิด ถึง
แนวคิด ของ ลุงมังเกอร์ (บทความที่อ่านได้ ซำ้แล้วซ้ำอีก เป็น 10รอบก็ได้แนวคิดใหม่ๆ)
ใน Y combinator
A Lesson on Elementary, Worldly Wisdom As It Relates To Investment Management & Business
Charles Munger, USC Business School, 1994
http://ycombinator.com/munger.html
ซึ่ง เป็น เรื่อง ของ วิเคราะห์ advantage ..
โดยเริ่มต้นด้วย
And once we get into microeconomics, we get into the concept of advantages of scale. Now we're getting closer to investment analysis—because in terms of which businesses succeed and which businesses fail, advantages of scale are ungodly important.
For example, one great advantage of scale taught in all of the business schools of the world is cost reductions along the so-called experience curve. Just doing something complicated in more and more volume enables human beings, who are trying to improve and are motivated by the incentives of capitalism, to do it more and more efficiently.
The very nature of things is that if you get a whole lot of volume through your joint, you get better at processing that volume. That's an enormous advantage. And it has a lot to do with which businesses succeed and fail....
เข้าเรื่องเลย..
และ
And your advantage of scale can be an informational advantage. If I go to some remote place, I may see Wrigley chewing gum alongside Glotz's chewing gum. Well, I know that Wrigley is a satisfactory product, whereas I don't know anything about Glotz's. So if one is 40 cents and the other is 30 cents, am I going to take something I don't know and put it in my mouth—which is a pretty personal place, after all—for a lousy dime?
So, in effect, Wrigley , simply by being so well known, has advantages of scale—what you might call an informational advantage.
..
่เพื่อจะดึงกลับไปดู
ตอน BNSF
http://board.thaivi.org/viewtopic.php?f ... 7&start=60
Both of us are enthusiastic about BNSF’s future because railroads have major cost and environmental
advantages over trucking, their main competitor. Last year BNSF moved each ton of freight it carried a record
500 miles on a single gallon of diesel fuel. That’s three times more fuel-efficient than trucking is, which means
our railroad owns an important advantage in operating costs. Concurrently, our country gains because of reduced
greenhouse emissions and a much smaller need for imported oil. When traffic travels by rail, society benefits.
แปลง่าย BNSF
มี
1. cost advantage ถูกกว่า ขนส่งทางรถ 3 เท่า
2. environmental advantage เพราะ ลดไอเสีย ลดการใช้เชื้อเพลิง
...
เรามาลอง
ใช้กับ
HNZ
ดู
1. Information Advantage แบบ ต.ย. "Wrigley" ของลุงมังเกอร์ มีไหม? แบรนด์ รู้จักทั่วโลกไหม?
2. Environmental Advantage "PlantBottle" ลดภาวะโลกร้อน ลดมลพิษ ได้ไหม?
3. Supply chain หรือ Logistics ละ มี Advantage ไหม? worldwide distribution setup
Another advantage of scale comes from psychology. The psychologists use the term social proof. We are all influenced—subconsciously and to some extent consciously—by what we see others do and approve. Therefore, if everybody's buying something, we think it's better. We don't like to be the one guy who's out of step.
4. Social proof Advantage มีไหม? ร้านอาหาร จะขอซอส ยี่ห้ออื่นไหม?
The social proof phenomenon which comes right out of psychology gives huge advantages to scale—for example, with very wide distribution, which of course is hard to get. One advantage of Coca-Cola is that it's available almost everywhere in the world.
5. "available almost everywhere in the world" เป็น advantage ไหม? ซอสนี้ มีทั่วโลกไหม?
Well, suppose you have a little soft drink. Exactly how do you make it available all over the Earth? The worldwide distribution setup—which is slowly won by a big enterprise—gets to be a huge advantage.... And if you think about it, once you get enough advantages of that type, it can become very hard for anybody to dislodge you.
อันเดียวกับข้อ 3
6.
There's another kind of advantage to scale. In some businesses, the very nature of things is to sort of cascade toward the overwhelming dominance of one firm. ..(..พูดถึงเมืองที่มี หนังสือพิมพ์หลัก ฉบับเดียว..)
So it tends to cascade to a winnertakeall situation. And that's a separate form of the advantages of scale phenomenon.
7. specialization Advantage มีไหม? เก่งทำซอส..
Similarly, all these huge advantages of scale allow greater specialization within the firm. Therefore, each person can be better at what he does. And these advantages of scale are so great, for example, that when Jack Welch came into General Electric, he just said, "To hell with it. We're either going to be # 1 or #2 in every field we're in or we're going to be out. I don't care how many people I have to fire and what I have to sell. We're going to be #1 or #2 or out."
จบด้วย...trick is getting into better businesses.
So the trick is getting into better businesses. And that involves all of these advantages of scale that you could consider momentum effects.
How do you get into these great companies? One method is what I'd call the method of finding them small get 'em when they're little. For example, buy Wal-Mart when Sam Walton first goes public and so forth. And a lot of people try to do just that. And it's a very beguiling idea. If I were a young man, I might actually go into it.
But it doesn't work for Berkshire Hathaway anymore because we've got too much money. We can't find anything that fits our size parameter that way. Besides, we're set in our ways. But I regard finding them small as a perfectly intelligent approach for somebody to try with discipline. It's just not something that I've done.
Finding 'em big obviously is very hard because of the competition. So far, Berkshire's managed to do it. But can we continue to do it? What's the next Coca-Cola investment for us? Well, the answer to that is I don't know. I think it gets harder for us all the time....
ํครับผม
ลุงทั้งสอง
you have managed to do it again..
ยาวอีกเช่นเคย..
ผิดตกขออภัย..
ซึ่ง ..จริงแล้ว
ถ้าไปอ่าน ต่อยัง มี
management โดยลุง มังเอกร์ ยกตย. แจค เวล ของ GE
...."So you do get an occasional opportunity to get into a wonderful business that's being run by a wonderful manager."..
หรือ
..."Let me mention another model. Of course, Gillette and Coke make fairly low priced items and have a tremendous
marketing advantage all over the world. And in Gillette's case, they keep surfing along new technology which is fairly
simple by the standards of microchips.
But it's hard for competitors to do."..
ทุกคำพูด ดั่งทองคำ..
...